SweetSue's Class Notes

From THC Farmer (against the rules to link it here). I think this may be relevant to cobs as well as low and slo. I’ll get to it soon.


YarraSparra

Aug 11, 2014
If you are licenced and sell to dispensaries then you are in the business of manufacturing medicine and the grade of any pharmaceutical commodity should be of the utmost importance. If dispensaries become the source go to for the highest grade weed, they will inevitably become more popular. This means more sales, more tax to the government, thus politicians will be incentivised to push for national legalization. I believe a big part of producing med grade weed is in the curing process. However, there is serious conjecture between cultural curing practices and the science based methods used by large companies like GWPharma (no I don’t work for them and have no opinion about their products).

There are many pros & cons for fast curing weed with dehydrators as opposed to slow curing (in air). Slow curing in the presence of oxygen (and moisture) makes no logical sense - purely from a biochemical and pharmaceutical point of view - for one thing, slow curing causes the eventual yellow-browning of buds caused by polyphenol oxidases. This should be avoided to arrest the bio-chemical conversion of soluble nitrogen into ammonia since these soluble nitrogenous constituents can transform into aroma-bearing constituents at a later stage.

Consider the major components of a bud and the effects from scenesence and the environment. The obvious place to start is the trichomes. I will only briefly touch on cannabinoids and volatile terpenes, as there is already a ton of info out there. As most of you are already aware, CBN is an oxide of THC and CBD, but it is by no means the only break down product. As such, CBN content has been used by forensic specialists to quantify the original THC/CBD content. This is typically calculated at approximately a 1:6 ratio (this figure varies slightly depending on the study sited). That means if 2% of your weed is CBN, then 10% is other break down products of degraded THC/CBD. Oxidation, light, heat and moisture (which facilitates microbial and enzymatic activity) are all time dependent factors that contributing to the deterioration of trichomes.

Carbohydrates are important components too. Dried buds are composed mostly of lignocellulosic material. The beta bonds between residues of cellulose means this material is particularly resistant to hydrolysis with the exception of exogenous cellulases or acids secreted by pathogens such as molds, (plants do not make endogenous celluloytic enzymes as, to the detriment of plant growth, this would obviously be structurally counter productive). Moisture + time will facilitate this type of undesirable microbial activity. Furthermore, these pathogens will not liberate residues to enhance taste, but rather ferment them into alcohols and potentially generating ketones and aldehydes, and releasing CO2 in the process. (Remember CO2 has mass and I will talk about this next).

Pectins and starches, although present in much lower amounts than cellulosic material, account for the bulk of the remaining polysaccharide content. Residual starch related compounds, namely amylose and amylopectin affect the combustion rate of weed. Anecdotal reports suggests both impart a bitter irritating taste when smoking, although I haven’t managed to ascertain how or why this may be the case. Most of the glucose is liberated from starches by amylolytic activity within 2-3days post harvest. The initial high RH and elevated temps in a sealed chamber with dehydrators/dehumidifiers, promotes amylolytic activity. Extending the curing time past this point will liberate negligible amounts of soluble sugars at the cost of various degradative processes ultimately leading to deterioration of the buds.One of these processes is the oxidative respiration of starch-liberated glucose into CO2. This increases with time and leads to loss a significant loss of dry weight of the material. Most people are probably unaware of this.

Pigment degradation is said to enhance flavor. Both neophytadiene and phytol, from 2-ethyl-3-methymaleic acid, are generated by degradation of chlorophyll. I can’t find evidence that these compounds impart a more pleasant taste when combusted than chlorophyll, but there are tentative references in some literature that suggests this is the case. The issue is further complicated because chlorophyll is subject to a mutitude of other enzymatic processes and trying to deduce the aromatic qualities of all of these products under various combustion conditions would involve a fairly in-depth study. The same goes for carotenoids. At least 20 known smaller compounds arise from the oxidative cleavage of various bonds in carotenoids. Conserving the green/yellow color of weed indicates that the oxidation of polyphenols to dark colored pigments (oxidative enzymatic browning) has been successfully suppressed. Arresting pigment degradation may or may not be beneficial to taste - I’m sitting on the fence with this one. If someone in the field knows of some studies that provide an explanation of how any why this would be so, great, please join the discussion.

Other factors affecting taste may include hydrolysis of proteins into free amino acids and subsequent reaction of the free amino acids with free sugars to form amadori compounds, variable changes in polyphenols, degradation of terpenes and sugar esters into more volatile constituents, and the conversion of nitrate into nitrite.

That’s just a brief summary of some of the biochemical processes that take place in buds post harvest. Although plausible, there is a lack of explanations exactly how these break down products enhance taste upon combustion. I believe there may be a much simpler explanation which may be (at least part of) the reason, and probably over looked.


Fast cured weed, or properly freeze dried weed is highly desiccated when cured. Conversely, buds that have been air cured without dehydrators will typically retain a moisture content of 10-15%. A lower moisture content means the material will burn hotter, and compounds in the trichomes such as terpenes and other volatiles have a higher likely hood of undergoing pyrolysis (combusting into CO or CO2) instead of vaporizing. Unmodified volatiles will certainly impart a different (and possibly nicer) flavor to their pyrolytic breakdown products, and to me this seems like a much more plausible explanation for the “harsher taste” of fast cured weed - Occam’s razor.

So what does all this mean to the Layman? Slow curing weed and burping glass jars only exacerbates oxidative degradation (deterioration) of the bud. Although it’s “possible” some of these break down products impart a nicer flavor when smoked, it will come a the cost weight loss, overall quality and potency.

Now for the good news. Follow a simple methodology based on what I just discussed. Fast dry cure, then store in the dark, in the cold, with a sizeable quantity of desiccant, or in CO2 or nitrogen gas - you have many options. When it comes time to bag up, then and only then, is a single ‘burp’ (allowing rehydration of the buds to that 10-15% mark) required. You will know when the buds are ready when they are slightly sticky and pliable again. A little squeeze and sniff will be proof of all the goodness you have retained.

It’s of my humble opinion this is the most practical and logical way to retain weight, quality and potency, especially for the purposes of high grade med weed.
 
CBD Does Not Go Better With Coke

“Sugar alters part of the brain that’s responsible for impulse control and addiction, making it even harder to resist the sugary foods causing the neural changes in the first place.” - Melinda Misuraca
 
I went looking for evidence that THC positively effects depression, something I know for a fact it does, and was distressed to find so many sites jumping through the hoop of “We need more research” knowing our government is keeping us from doing just that.

Effects Of Cannabis On Mental Health: Depression

University of Washington (2017)

“Conclusions
In summary, the effect of marijuana on depressive disorders is complex. The endocannabinoid system appears to play an important role in regulating mood at least in part via highly interactive stress and reward networks. Marijuana has long been associated diminished motivation, but a distinct “cannabis amotivational syndrome” has yet to be substantiated. The two primary active ingredients of marijuana, THC and CBD, appear to have antidepressant-like effects in animal models at certain doses but not others. While a slight majority of MM users report using marijuana for depression and generally find it helpful for that purpose, some evidence suggests that reductions in marijuana use by those with depression may actually reduce depressive symptoms. Studies examining whether marijuana use is associated with increased likelihood of development of depression have produced mixed findings. In some studies, associations have not remained when other variables associated with depression and marijuana use were taken into account. One reason for equivocal findings may be that individual differences such as temperament affect the relationship between marijuana and depression. Some marijuana users with or prone to depression do appear to derive some benefit from using marijuana. However, well-controlled studies indicate that marijuana use is associated with development of substance use disorder.”


Reading the study abstract it’s clear they’re wrong when they broadcast that long-term cannabis use increases depression or that there’s no evidence that THC tempers depression. It’s disconcerting how far they bend the facts to try and make their point that there’s something dangerous about “the most commonly used drug of abuse in the United States.”

Give me a break. :straightface: The biggest problem with “marijuana “ is getting caught using it.
 
The Cannabis Oil Suppository Debate

Lifted from the comments, to be annotated later:



















 
Transcript of the video by Robert Seik, Chief Science Officer at Hytiva. I wish they’d listed the research they pulled this information from. It might be stored somewhere I haven’t accessed yet.

Cannabis & the Lymphatic System
The lymphatic system is the highway used to transport immune cells.
July 17, 2018
In this video, we’ve combined information and studies gathered regarding the immune and lymphatic systems’ reactions to cannabis because of their design in working with one another in ridding the body of harmful pathogens. When cannabis affects one system, it’s almost certain the other will experience a change as well, and current studies are beginning to shed light on such responses.

The immune system is our body’s natural defense against pathogens and environmental antigens. Various organs are part of the immune system and they are found at various locations throughout the body. These organics include the spleen, thymus, bone marrow, and lymph nodes, where specialized blood cells are created and matured that fight infectious disease. The lymphatic system is the highway used to transport immune cells. Its pathways are similar to the cardiovascular system’s, though its mechanism depends upon the contractions and movements of our muscles rather than a pump like the heart. Lymph nodes, which are small balls of tissue found throughout the body, are responsible for filtering harmful substances from lymph fluid. They are also the location that two types of white blood cells are produced, T cell and B cells.

When a virus or harmful bacteria enters our body, it must first travel to the lymph nodes before our immune system begins to react to its presence. The lymph nodes signal the immune system into action, and begin increasing white blood cell production. This causes them to swell, which is why doctors will often palpate the lymph nodes located beneath the jaw.

Currently, there’s few studies that evaluate how cannabis affects the immune and lymphatic systems, especially in healthy adults. However, patients with diseases that directly attack the immune system, such as those with HIV/AIDS, or leukemia, have found some relief with use of the plant. Preclinical research suggests cannabis may strengthen the immune system in HIV patients by influencing an increase of CD4 counts, important immune defense cells that the HIV virus destroys. A study showed that these counts rose by 20% in patients consuming cannabis.

Inflammation is a natural defense the body produces in order to initiate tissue repair, clear out dying cells, and reduce further damage to the area by restricting its use, pain inhibition. It’s a reaction the immune system takes that can signal a major problem, cause further destruction or activate processes that help us heal. But, inflammation can also hinder us in our day to day life. Cannabis has been shown to decrease inflammation, thereby calming the cascade of reactions of the immune system that induce inflammation.

While more studies on humans are needed to fully understand the effects of cannabinoids on the immune system, what we do know is that it can sometimes benefit those with immune disorders by increasing T-cell counts. If you’re considering using cannabis in regard to an immune imbalance or immune disorder, it’s highly encouraged you speak with your physician first. In adults with a normal functioning immune system, no negative effects have been presented involving cannabis to suggest it compromises immune defense.
 
What I gleaned from the comments:
Leah Nosack: 30 cc of MCT with FECO added
  • used by drop or dropperful
  • administered by gelcap, as suppository
Ichibancrafter: 20 - 40 mg THC with varying amounts of CBD (patient dependent)
  • 1” - 1.5” inside the sphincter

Tamera: 50/50 mix of CCO and coconut oil
  • 1 gr rectally, .25 gr orally
  • Now cancer free and only taking an oral dose (250 mg a day seems a lot for maintenance :hmmmm: )
  • Inserted both shallow and deep, and found the deep head high less debilitating than when taken orally

Ichibancrafter: things we know:
  • It’s unlikely some unknown molecule is being created by anal administration.
  • The reaction is undeniable: pain relief and a body high.
  • THC was notpresent in the labs.
  • There’s no way to reconcile 1-3.

Ewan Swales: The mesentery system has tissue for metabolic processing and transport. Mesentery

Dr. Michelle Ross: It’d be nice to see a comparison of the metabolites found in the bloodstreams of patients using regular THC suppositories to those using THC-HS suppositories.
  • There’s something funky going on with those who are absorbing and those who aren’t, at least as far as blood tests go.
  • She postulates that testing for metabolites may not be the best way to test the efficacy of suppositories.

Ichibancrafter: The suppositories made in the molds can easily be used as edibles.

Tamara: Coconut oil can be digested without bile.
  • An important consideration for those without a gall bladder.Not sure this is a concern, since the liver does continue to produce bile. Coconut oil gets fast-tracked to the liver from the digestive tract. That makes it a good choice for liver disease or euphoria, not necessarily the best choice for transport into the immune system spaces.


Ichibancrafter: Coconut oil serves two purposes:
  • It makes it easier to dilute the concentration of cannabinoids to control dosages.
  • It serves as the forming medium for delivery. Coconut oil is solid up to 76°F.
  • Use of suppositories isn’t necessary. Syringes will work just as well. You can buy 1 ml pipettes for inexpensive home use, and 1 ml syringes with caps for transporting.
[…]

  • There are reports surfacing that prostate cancer responds well to THC-A.

[…]

  • It’s undeniable that relaxation and pain relief occurred.
  • It wasn’t psychoactive, and it was consistent.

Grace: Father had surgery to remove cancerous tumor from the liver, and started taking 1 gr a day 3:1 THC:CBD FECO suppositories for a month previous to this post to treat bile duct cancer in his liver.
  • Liver enzymes have decreased.
  • Stage 3 chronic kidney disease has resolved.
  • Thirty-year case of high blood pressure resolved.
  • Hypothyroidism resolved.
  • Chronic dry eye resolved.
  • Sleeping more soundly, eating better, and more energetic than he has been in 30 years.

Well,..... if that doesn’t make you want to try a gram a day I don’t know what will. :cheesygrinsmiley:

??? Lost the name in transition: Was taking oils orally/sublingually for months and developed cyclical vomiting that led to hospitalization. Treating insomnia.
  • The diagnosis was that the dosing method had caused an ulcer to develop in her stomach.
  • She switched to molded suppositories.
  • Next she turned to tinctures, on the advice of her MD and once again developed cyclical vomiting and was hospitalized.
  • Next she tried using olive oil tinctures and twice more had the same problem with vomiting.
  • Switched to suppositories - using capsules - and finds them adequate, though not a perfect solution to her sleep challenges.
  • Suppositories help her fall asleep faster and fall back asleep if she wakes during the night.
  • When she takes the same dose orally she says it may take her 3-5 hours to fall asleep. Makes me wonder how much faster the suppositories work? 1/I]


David Hutchinson: Recommends cocoa butter over coconut oil.
  • Melts below body temps.
  • Holds the shape when stored in fridge or freezer.
  • Has been shown to benefit a growing number of patients in Canada.
Right before Cajun passed he shared that there was a concern about too much coconut oil being ingested by cannabis patients. Something about irritating the stomach. I wonder if the cocoa butter makes a significant difference in irritability levels? :hmmmm:

[…] Conditions as diverse as pain, insomnia, epilepsy, and arthritis.
  • Significant effects seen with various cancers, such as prostate, colon, bladder, lung, and brain.
[…] From years of observation he’s determined that cocoa butter is the preferred medium for CO suppositories.

Peter: After consuming 1/2 of the protocol I’m assuming the 1 gram a day RSO protocol)his oncologist withdrew the offer of chemotherapy.

Tamara: Was taking 800 mg suppositories before being swayed to the opinion that suppositories weren’t working.
  • Cannabis therapeutics was her only method of treatment for cancer.
  • After being swayed by Dr. Frankel’s argument about suppositories she switched to oral administration and was waaaay too high, but still managed.
  • When she switched to oral dose her CEA spiked!
  • She held to the oral dose for three months anyway.
  • When she switched back to suppositories, using the same amount of MCT, and her CEA numbers dropped.
  • She speculates it could be a physiological thing. She only has six inches of colon left (no bag).

It struck me that comments are now containing specifics like ratios and doses in mg. Made me proud to be part of the effort to educate others in how easy it is to use cannabis therapeutically.
 
I would love to be in a position to do the RSO protocol of a gram a day. We’re talking 1 gram of CCO a day, which translates into a massive amount of plant material for someone on a hiatus from growing, but by God, this is an enticing process.

I just wanna see what happens to a relatively healthy and take that much cannabis oil. For sure the scalp would heal.
 
I found this over at auth.patient.info

It was the only real evidence of a patient being serious about using cannabis to treat PMR beyond smoking or occasional edibles.

She hasn’t checked back, and they closed the discussion. No way of tracking her yet, but I haven’t tried yet either. :laughtwo:

Kayfromt

I’ve had PMR @ 2 years and elected not to take the daily treatment of Prednisone for a variety of reasons. I only take Tylenol #3 as needed but usually at the end of the day as I just tried to “tough” it out during daylight hours. I have all the miseries of everyone else who has this invisible disease and like you continue to look for things to make life bearable. I too, want what I had before the diagnosis.
I live in a state in the US that allows medical marijuana. I qualified because of PMR and also PHN (post herpetic neuralgia-pain in nerve plexus after shingles). I asked my primary Dr. if he would refer me and he agreed.
I started in April with no visible results and was deeply disappointed. Getting the right dose, especially with the different delivery methods available-vape, tinctures, edibles, transdermal, etc. was/is tricky. At one point I just gave it up as not going to work. After other online research on how to find appropriate doses I finally settled on the tincture as I could minutely administer tiny doses until a desired effect was achieved and it finally worked. Frankly I was shocked. I had been titrating during the day and taking stock and just when I was ready, again, to give up-I found I was pain free. Shocked!!!
I don’t know if it is the anti-inflammatory effect of the CBD and THC stopping the pain at the source or if the Medical marijuana is blocking pain at receptors. I just don’t know but I haven’t had a Tylenol #3 since 5/7/2018 and in the state I’m in right now (the pain is in both hips, low back and sacral area) I would have had to use them.
It’s still early days for me as I continue to learn, tweak and experiment but it has made a huge, huge difference in my days and nights. I actually cleaned the stairs 2 days ago and could do it with no pain. I’m easier to live with, not nearly as irritable from pain and aching.

The formula I am using is a 1:1 ratio of CBD to THC. I don’t like the feelings I get if I take a dose a bit too high. I lose my memory and feel a bit spacy. It doesn’t last too long though and I carefully note everything in my diary.
My goal is to find the right dose, pick up life where I left it 2 years ago and escort this disease into permanent remission.

I am sorry to say at this point there has been no effect on the pain from shingles but I’ll take what I can get.


Relief. That’s all we really want. Relief. :circle-of-love: :green_heart:
 
To be annotated ASAP: Why the body builds tolerance to cannabis. This is rich with information. :cheesygrinsmiley:

 
Did you abandon the CBD trial?

Pretty much, yeah. I kept giving the oil away to people that I thought needed it more. :laughtwo:

The scalp psoriasis is closely linked to some subconscious “Not enough” message that’s taking the physical expression of scaling. I’ve known this for many years, and I’ve resisted doing anything medically to treat symptoms for a condition I understand requires me to heal my psyche first.

I’m close to doing so now. I believe I’ve found my doorway to “I am enough” and if I’m correct in that belief the world better prepare. Lol!
 
My great-nephew pointed me to studies going on with mushrooms and their protective effects in treating Alzheimer’s. This is exciting research.

Reading it one has to feel for the mice they torture. :straightface:

Source

From: Neurohealth Properties of Hericium erinaceus Mycelia Enriched with Erinacines

The beneficial activities of H. erinaceusmycelia on age-associated cognitive change and early dementia are summarized in Table 2. Given the fact that all seven of these studies have provided very encouraging findings, it is also of paramount importance that the daily intake of H. erinaceus mycelia in the context of the entire diet is established before the treatment is administered.
 
I might have given that to you already. If so then NM...

24 seconds...

11..

Thanks M’Lord. :kisstwo: I have it on my phone and the other iPad, but hadn’t loaded it into this one.
 
“The total number of minds in the Universe is One.”

The implications of that statement and how it would relate to healing are profound. How do I wrap my head around string theory?
 
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