First I would say I still don't have the info I need but I will throw some stuff out. I would prefer to just link to some threads where I have explained things. Some if it gets complicated. I try hard to take a 200 page article and get it down to a few paragraphs that a pot head can understand but still some of it takes a bit of care to understand.
This morning I explained on the last page or so of this journal (It may have been updated since then) WHY in a healthy res pH is based off PPM.
Perpetual Grow Among Other Things!
That said I am confused as in your first post you said your pH was tanking but now you say it isn't.
Changing the res is not necessary. I have a friend that does his entire grow without changing the res. I wont do that... I go about 4-6 weeks or if there is a problem I will change it. Really depends on many factors. In heavy growth where I am topping off 1/5 of the res a day it doesn't even make sense to be changing as you are just going through so much.
I don't really see a lot of info in there to go off and I don't understand what the problem is at this point. In the pictures above you are showing an overdose of nutes which is likely due to too little light. You can back off the nutes too but probably you just need a lot more photosynthesis going on.
But to be honest without PPM data on your solution and not understanding the feeding / top off schedule I can't really say much.
Are you saying you dump the res once a week and refill it once a week and do not top off as the week goes on? Also sounds like you may be having the water too high. In DWC you want it at least an inch below the basket once roots come out of the basket.
I could go on and on about what if's.....
I would suggest you read through this guys journal. He documented everything and followed my advice to a tee and is getting his first real results. 100% DIY setup and he is only into like his 4th or 5th grow and he has outstanding results now. I pretty much explain everything you need to know about DWC at some point in his journal.
ClosetCase420's - RDWC - 600W MH/HPS - Wonder Woman - Grow Journal - 2015
As far as sterile goes. This is a religious debate. Many people will only run sterile mostly because someone told them to. They have been able to make it work and have had great results so they are too scared to change. I think most people actually run a living res (and many don't even realize it) which is essentially putting in beneficial microorganisms that live and breed in the res killing off any bad stuff and keeping it clean and providing lots of extra nute absorption and a lot more fun stuff. Many people are just following the recipes or recommendations from the nute manf. and all of them sell the basic forms of microbes. So if a person is just following a program and doesn't really understand the bottles they are probably running a living res.
One thing at a time though. Read the last few posts of mine post in the one journal...then get real high and take an hour to read through ClosetCase's Journal. Then See if you understand what your problem is.
My bet is your ratio of photosynthesis to solution concentration is out of balance. You need to back way off and also understand and learn about pH cycling and understand a bit more about how during Veg we want to promote a different ratio of nutes through all the different stages of growth.