I dont think pistachio shells would break down. They are pretty hard. and most of the shells in a bag of mixed nuts are pretty hard also. And I read an article about someone that put peanut shells in their compost pile and they didnt break down either. And if the shells do break down i dont think it would be so quick as not to finish one grow cycle. If not used as a sole medium. I still think they would be good to add to other mediums instead of throwing them away. BUT doing a little googling, some nut shells supposed to have toxins, like cashew shells which i have NEVER seen anyway. So for an experiment tonight after i have my fill of pistachios, i will throw them in a bowl of water and see if they start to get soft.